The U.S.-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement (CTPA) provides increased access for Ohio’s agricultural exports by making agricultural trade a two-way street and leveling the playing field with respect to third country competitors in the Colombian market. Already our largest market in South America, Colombia now holds even greater potential because it has agreed to immediately eliminate duties on 53 percent of current U.S. trade upon implementation of the agreement. The American Farm Bureau and over 40 other agricultural industry and farm groups strongly support the agreement by stating "the agreement will provide U.S. products exported to Colombia with the same duty-free access already granted to Colombian products exported to the U.S."

Exports of farm products boost Ohio’s farm prices and income. Such exports support about 23,445 jobs both on and off the farm in food processing, storage, and transportation. Agricultural exports amounted to $2.2 billion and made an important contribution to Ohio's farm cash receipts in 2007 that totaled $6.9 billion.

Soybeans and Products. In 2007, the United States exported $175 million of soybeans and soybean products to Colombia. Ohio soybeans account for the state’s top agricultural export, and farm cash receipts are $1.5 billion. Ohio soybean producers will benefit from the CTPA.

• U.S. soybean producers currently face a system of variable levies (price band system) that results in tariffs as high as the World Trade Organization (WTO) ceiling of 150 percent. Colombia will immediately eliminate the price band system on U.S. imports.
• Colombia will immediately eliminate duties, currently ranging from 5–20 percent on soybeans, soybean meal and soybean flour.
• Colombia will eliminate duties within 5 years on crude soybean oil (currently 20 percent; 75 percent allowed by the WTO).
• Colombia will provide duty-free access for crude soybean oil by establishing a 31,200-ton duty-free tariff rate quota (TRQ) that will grow 4 percent, compounded annually. Colombia will phase out the 24-percent over-quota tariff over 10 years.
• The American Soybean Association, the National Oilseed Processors Association, the American Feed Industry Association, and the Pet Food Institute publicly support the CTPA.

Corn. In 2007, the United States exported $500 million of yellow corn and $16 million of white corn to Colombia. As the state’s second largest export, contributing 22 percent to state farm cash receipts, Ohio corn producers will benefit from the CTPA.

• Under the CTPA, Colombia will immediately eliminate its system of variable levies (price band system) facing U.S. exporters. Under the system, tariffs can be as high as the WTO ceiling of 195 percent on some corn products.
• Colombia will provide immediate duty-free access for yellow corn by establishing a 2.1-million-ton TRQ that grows 5 percent, compounded annually. Colombia will phase out the over-quota tariff over 12 years.
• Colombia will provide immediate duty-free access for white corn by establishing a 136,500-ton TRQ that grows 5 percent, compounded annually. Colombia will phase out the over-quota tariff over 12 years.
• Colombia will provide immediate duty-free access for animal feeds by establishing a 194,250-ton TRQ that grows 5 percent, compounded annually. Colombia will phase out the over-quota tariff over 12 years.
• All currently applied duties on all other corn products will be phased out within 10 years.
• The Corn Refiners Association, the National Corn Growers Association, the National Grain and Feed Association, the North American Export Grain Association, the North American Millers’ Association, the American Feed Industry Association, and the Pet Food Institute publicly support the CTPA.

Dairy. U.S. dairy exports to Colombia surpassed $6.6 million in 2007, and changes with the CTPA will provide immediate opportunities for U.S. dairy producers. Providing the state’s third leading source of state farm cash receipts (more than $985 million), Ohio’s dairy producers will benefit from the CTPA.

• U.S. dairy producers currently face a system of variable levies (price band system) that results in tariffs as high as the WTO ceiling of 159 percent. Colombia will immediately eliminate the price band system on U.S. imports.
• Colombia will immediately eliminate tariffs on whey.
• Both Colombia and the United States will establish duty-free TRQs for certain dairy products totaling 9,900 tons, with these TRQs growing by 10 percent, compounded annually.
• All Colombian duties on dairy products will be eliminated within 15 years, with duties on some eliminated earlier.
• The National Milk Producers Federation, U.S. Dairy Export Council, Grocery Manufacturers Association/Food Products Association, and International Dairy Foods Association publicly support the CTPA.

Beef. In 2007, the United States exported $386,000 of beef and beef products to Colombia. Ohio’s ranchers and beef industry generate more than $370 million in cash receipts.

• Colombia will immediately eliminate its 80-percent duty (108 percent allowed by the WTO) on beef products of most importance to the U.S. beef industry—prime and choice cuts.
• U.S. exporters of standard quality beef cuts will enjoy immediate duty-free access through a 2,100-ton TRQ. The TRQ will grow by 5 percent, compounded annually. Colombia will phase out the 80-percent out-of-quota tariff over 10 years after a 37.5-percent cut at the beginning of the first year of implementation.
• U.S. exporters of variety meats (offals) will immediately receive duty-free access under a 4,642-ton TRQ that will grow 5.5 percent, compounded annually. The 80-percent over-quota tariff will be phased out over 10 years.
• Colombia agreed to continue to recognize the equivalence of the U.S. meat inspection and certification system to its own system.
• Colombian exporters of beef to the United States will receive duty-free access under a 5,250-ton TRQ that will grow 5 percent, compounded annually. The United States will phase out its beef tariffs over 10 years. For those beef lines that are already duty free under the Andean Trade Promotion and Drug Eradication Act, the CTPA will continue the duty-free treatment.
• The American Meat Institute; National Cattlemen’s Beef Association; U.S. Hide, Skin and Leather Association; U.S. Livestock Genetics Export, Inc.; and Pet Food Institute publicly support the CTPA.

Pork. In 2007, the United States exported $6.6 million of pork and pork products to Colombia. Generating more than $405 million in farm cash receipts, Ohio’s pork producers will benefit from the CTPA.

• U.S. pork producers currently face a system of variable levies (price band system) that results in tariffs as high as the WTO ceiling of 108 percent. Colombia will immediately eliminate the price band system on U.S. imports.
• Within 5 years, Colombia will phase out all duties, which are currently as high as 30 percent, on fresh, chilled and frozen pork as well as smoked and dried pork.
• Colombia will immediately eliminate duties on bacon and pork skin.
• All other pork tariffs will be eliminated within 5–10 years.
• Colombia agreed to continue to recognize the equivalence of the U.S. meat inspection and certification system to its own system.
• The National Pork Producers Council; American Meat Institute; U.S. Hide, Skin and Leather Association; and the Pet Food Institute publicly support the CTPA.

Wheat and Barley. In 2007, the United States exported $210 million of wheat and barley to Colombia.  Ohio is the nation’s 11th largest wheat exporter with cash receipts in excess of $241 million.

• U.S. wheat and barely producers currently face a system of variable levies (price band system) that results in tariffs as high as the WTO ceiling of 248 percent. Colombia will immediately eliminate the price band system on imports from the United States.
• Colombia will immediately eliminate all tariffs on wheat and wheat products, which currently face duties ranging from 5–20 percent.
• Colombia will immediately eliminate all tariffs on barley and barley products, except feed barley. Tariffs on feed barley will be eliminated in 2009.
• The National Association of Wheat Growers, the National Grain and Feed Association, the North American Export Grain Association, the North American Millers’ Association, the National Barley Growers Association, U.S. Wheat Associates, and the American Bakers Association publicly support the CTPA.

Back to the U.S.–Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement